Aggregation nodes change grain: you go from many detail rows to fewer summary rows (or from wide tables to long tidy tables and back). Use them after joins and cleansing when metrics should reflect business definitions (sums, counts, distincts, pivoted reports).Documentation Index
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Summarize
Summarize groups by dimensions and computes aggregate functions per group. Common functions:- sum, avg, min, max
- count, count distinct
- stddev / variance (when supported)
- arbitrary / first / last value picks with ordering (product-dependent)
- Group keys: Columns that define the grain (
date,region,product_id). - Measures: One entry per output metric (
revenue = sum(line_total)). - Filters: Optional predicate applied before aggregation (HAVING-equivalent may appear separately).
- Group by
order_date,region sum(order_total)asrevenuecount_distinct(order_id)asorders
Pivot
Pivot spreads values from a name column across new columns—turning long tidy data into wide report shapes. Configuration:- Index / row keys: Identifiers that stay as rows (
product_id). - Pivot column: Field whose distinct values become headers (
quarter). - Values column: Numeric or text field to place in cells (
revenue). - Aggregation: How to combine multiple rows that map to the same cell (
sum,max).
(sku, month, units_sold); pivot month to columns 2024-01, 2024-02, … for a spreadsheet-style export.
Unpivot
Unpivot (melt) does the inverse: take many measure columns and produce name / value pairs. Configuration:- Id columns: Keys to retain per row (
store_id,date). - Measure columns: The wide metrics to stack (
sales_q1,sales_q2, …). - Output names: Typically
metric_nameandmetric_value.
Choosing summarize vs pivot first
Long data for analytics
Long data for analytics
Keep fact tables long (entity, metric name, value) when many metrics share dimensions; aggregate with Summarize after filters.
Wide data for exports
Wide data for exports
Pivot late in the graph—right before a Write to spreadsheets or systems expecting fixed columns.
Repairing wide sources
Repairing wide sources
Unpivot early to normalize messy extracts, then join to dimension tables on
metric_name.Related topics
Column transforms
Use window functions when you need row-level outputs with running metrics.
Destinations
Load aggregates to warehouses or marts.